ScreenFish

where faith and film are intertwined

George MacKay

1917: Down to Gehenna or up to the Throne

by 2 Comments

Director/co-writer Sam Mendes used stories his grandfather told about World War I, plus others’ stories from the Imperial War Museum archives, for the foundation of 1917. It is the story of friendship, loyalty, determination, and courage. But it also touches at times on the futility that is inherent in war.

The film opens with Lance Corporals Blake (Dean-Charles Chapman) and Schofield (George MacKay) relaxing during what has become a lull in the fighting. Blake is summoned to report to the General and to bring someone with him. The two report and Blake is tasked with delivering a message. The Germans seem to have withdrawn. Another battalion, thinking the Germans are on the run is planning a dawn attack to try to finish them off. However, it’s a trap. If the attack happens it will cost the lives of 1600 men. Blake was chosen because his brother is in that group, and so Blake will have great motivation. The difficulty is that to get there they must navigate through No Man’s Land, and then a few miles through enemy territory that may or may not still have enemy soldiers waiting to kill them.

Mendes, working with lauded cinematographer Roger Deakins, strives to let us see the journey step by step. The film is seemingly one continuous tracking shot of the two soldiers and the landscapes they travel through. This is truly a technical challenge to accomplish, and it is worth noting that it is achieved.  Personally, I find that a bit distracting because I start looking for the seams of where different takes have been blended to each other.

This method creates an atmosphere of constant tension. From the first steps into No Man’s Land they are targets. They must work their way through barbed wire, the various craters and rotting corpses (both equine and human), never knowing when something might happen. When they reach the enemy’s abandoned trench, there is still no safety. There could be other threats to deal with. There is little time to relax. Even in open country, any building could be dangerous.

While there are other characters they encounter (the cast includes Benedict Cumberbatch, Colin Firth, and a number of others in what are essentially bit parts), this is really the story of Blake and Schofield and their mission. They are comrades, but not especially close. They have different outlooks on the mission. Blake, with the motivation of saving his brother, wants to start immediately; Schofield is more cautious. Schofield is a bit more experienced, having been awarded a medal from an earlier battle; Blake looks forward to doing something that will get a medal. Blake is open about talking about his family; Schofield is more compartmentalized, knowing he may never see his family again.  Their relationship grows through this mission, but that is not the real focus. Instead, as we see these two soldiers risking their lives to complete the mission, we note the wartime virtues that they embody.

I have to admit that I’m nearly always conflicted about war movies. I view war as evil. Even a just war (if such a thing exists) is inherently evil, even if it must be entered into to stop greater evil. Yet, in the midst of that evil, we are able to find examples of people acting valiantly. This can often lead to an idealized and romanticized view of war and those who fight. That is a danger that 1917 flirts with at times. Yet, Mendes also includes bits and pieces that point to a more balanced understanding. For instance, when Blake asks Schofield why he doesn’t wear the medal he earned, Schofield tells him he traded it to a French soldier for a bottle of wine. He was thirsty. The practicalities of life sometimes are of more value than the trimmings of glory.

An interesting, seemingly throwaway line, struck me when I heard it. I think it gives some insight into how to understand the film. When the two are about to set off, they ask the general why they aren’t taking more men with them. He quotes a line from a Kipling poem: “Down to Gehenna or up to the Throne,/He travels fastest who travels alone.” (How very British to answer in such a way!) But this journey is one that is indeed a walk through Hell. Perhaps it also is an ascent of the spirit as the soldiers find within themselves qualities they had not known they possess.

Photos courtesy of Universal Pictures

Captain Fantastic – A Good Father?

by Leave a Comment

“We are defined by our actions, not our words.”

What does it mean to be a good parent? Is it doing what you can so the child is ready for the world? What if you think society is by and large a failure? Can you teach your children to be “philosopher kings” by stepping away from all the flaws of the everyday world? The family we see in Captain Fantastic may seem to be a brilliant experiment—or it may seem to be a form of child abuse. How do we decide how to think about this family?

CAPTAIN FANTASTIC

Ben Cash (Viggo Mortensen) is raising his six children off the grid in the Pacific Northwest. For the last ten years they have hunted and raised their own food. They exercise daily. They learn to protect themselves, read and discuss. In some ways these children are advanced far beyond others their age. But they have no social interaction outside the family. Ben has been raising them alone for the last three months while his wife has been in the hospital dealing with mental illness. After she dies, Ben’s father-in-law (Frank Langella) is angry, banning Ben from the funeral. Ben and the children load up their bus and head to New Mexico in spite of the threats. For the younger children, this is the first experience of the outside world. It is a challenge for them, and at times for Ben, as they encounter all the things they have avoided through the years.

The family has been educated in a very countercultural fashion. They celebrate Noam Chomsky Day instead of Christmas. They view consumerism through Marxist eyes. There is a sense of anarchism, but they have developed a clear moral code. Ben seems to have no qualms about leading the family in a huge shoplifting spree at a grocery store, nor with giving them lethal weapons (even the youngest). They disrupt the funeral, but do so because Ben’s wife would not have wanted a service like this.

CAPTAIN FANTASTIC

The grandparents and other family all want what is best for the children—and so does Ben. The question is what will be best for them? Would it be better if they had been raised like their cousins who are constantly in front of screens and don’t know even the basic concepts that define America? If they had been raised in the world of McDonalds and Walmart, would they be as mentally and physically fit as they are? On the other hand, the oldest son, Bo (George MacKay) would like to go to college, but has no social skills, which becomes apparent when he connects with a girl at a campground. Is it possible to be outside of society and yet be a part of it?

The crisis for Ben comes when he discovers that he may have short-changed his children, even though he feels he has done the right thing all along. Perhaps, he comes to think, they would be better off with people who can care for them in other ways. He may even wonder if his ego is in the way of the well-being of his family. All these years he has believed that he has set his children first in all things. But what if he has been wrong?

Parenting is a challenge. Often we look around us and see what others do and think it must be right. New parents read the latest books on childrearing and resolve to try to form children into good people. For Ben and his wife, it seemed like another way would be best—would save their children from the corrupted world. So they tried to take them to an Eden. In the beauty of the natural world—with no screens or technology—they fashioned children that they thought would be prepared to live full and productive lives. Were they right? Are they the best parents ever or the worst? That is the question we ask ourselves at various times in the film. It is also the question that parents may often ask themselves over and over through the years.

Photos courtesy of Bleecker Street